Sistem, Problematika, dan Kebijakan Pendidikan di Turki

Abstract

This article examines the educational system, problems, and policies in Turkey from a comparative education perspective, particularly from the viewpoint of Islamic Religious Education. The method employed is library research with a descriptive-analytical approach. Turkey, as a country with a Muslim majority population, has a unique educational system influenced by the dynamics of secularism introduced since the era of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk (1923) and Islamic values that remain strong in society. This article finds that Turkey's educational system encompasses three main pathways: formal education, non-formal education, and higher education supported by the Turkiye Bursları scholarship program. The problems faced include educational quality disparities between urban and rural areas, secular-religious ideological polarization, intense competition for university admission, refugee education challenges, and educational technology gaps. Turkey's educational policies are characterized by efforts to balance modern-secular orientation with Islamic values, including the revitalization of Imam Hatip schools. This study provides significant implications for the development of Islamic education policy in Indonesia.