How Primary Education Shapes the Cognitive and Social Development of Children

Abstract

Primary education plays a crucial role in the cognitive and social development of children, laying the foundation for their academic success and interpersonal relationships. This article reviews the current research on how primary education impacts both cognitive functions, including language acquisition, executive functions, and problem-solving abilities, and social skills, such as empathy, collaboration, and emotional regulation. The synthesis of existing studies reveals that primary education is a significant factor in shaping a child's cognitive development through structured academic stimulation and promoting social competence by encouraging peer interactions. The results suggest that primary education fosters not only intellectual abilities but also social and emotional growth, contributing to long-term academic and social outcomes.